1. Vitamin K2: 15 μg
Professor Henrik Dam and Edward Doisy were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1943 for the discovery of vitamin K.
In 1929, Professor Dam and his colleagues discover that chick fed a fat-deficient diet need blood clotting time longer than others. They also experienced anemia and hemorrhage. Dr. Dam believed that these chicks diet was deficient hemorrhage fat-soluble factor which was not previously known. In 1934, Dam and Schønheyder identified new fat soluble vitamin that could prevents bleeding. It was named vitamin K from "Koagulations-Vitamin" in German and presents in dark green leafy vegetables, meat and liver.
Until 1997, Lou and his colleagues indicated the role of MGP, a vitamin K-dependent protein for vascular health by using MGP-deficient mice. In 2004, Geleijnse et al proved vitamin K2 could improve cardiovascular health and reduced cardiovascular mortality. In 2007, Schurgers et al confirmed that Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) is the most bio-available, bioactive and longest lasting form of vitamin K. In 2008, Gast el al demonstrated dietary vitamin K2 is correlated to improved cardiovascular health and Intake of vitamin K1 has no effect.
2. Cocoa (nOX) cocoa extracts: 62 mg
Cocoa is a corrupt word for Theobroma cacao. Theobroma came from the Greek for “food of the gods”. From 250-900 BC, Mayan and Aztec believed that cocoa could strengthen the heart health and could reduce angina pectoris. In recent years, scientists demonstrated flavonoid compounds in cocoa reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis, antioxidant, reduces blood pressure, improves endothelial function, and increases insullin sensitivity. According to Dr. Afoakwa E. et al (Strathclyde University-United Kingdom, 2008), cocoa contains phenylethyamine and stimulates production of serotonin which benefits to aphrodisiac and mood-lifting.
3. Omega-3: EPA (Eicosapenaenoic acid): 243 mg, DHA (Docosahexanenoic acid): 127 mg
In 1970 years, scientists discovered the very low percentage of cardiovascular diseases of Inuit people who lived in Greenland – Denmark. They determined the rich of fish oil dietary that contain high concentration of omega-3 fatty acid protected Inuit cardio system. Omega-3 fatty acid are polyunsaturated fatty acids which can be found in marine and plant oils such as sardines, salmon, smoked salmon, cod, flax seed and walnuts.
The two most important omega-3 fatty acids are Eicosapenaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexanenoic acid (DHA). EPA plays an essential role in producing prostaglandin which can decreases blood cholesterols levels, decreases blood triglyceride level. EPA also helps regulating blood pressure, blood clotting, inflammatory response.
4. Vitamin D3: 10 μg
In human, vitamin D3 is synthesized in skin’s epidermis. This is a fat soluble vitamin which can also found in some foods such as salmon, sardines, milk, eggs, and cereal. Besides function in bone formation, vitamin D3 regulates blood pressure and cardiovascular health. Some clinical reports investigated vitamin D3 protected cardiovascular system by inhibition of vascular smooth muscle proliferation, the suppression of vascular, calcification, the down regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the up regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and endocrine regulator of the renin–angiotensin system.
5. CardiolinaTM – Spirulina extracts: 5 mg
The term “Spirulina” includes various species of primitive unicellular blue-green algae, most commonly Spirulina maxima and Spirulina platensis. CardiolinaTM is a brand new, unique, scientifically tested and proven natural food supplement that has cholesterol lowering effect, stimulates the body’s immune system. It is a patented and proprietary extract based on a bioactive micro algae complex from Arthrospira Platensis and its unique formulation means it is 20-25 times more bioactive than many other products. Cardiolina works by triggering an immune response in the body, essentially ramping up the body's natural defenses. In 1996, Premakumari et al investigated benefits of Spirulina in ischemic heart disease patients and found a significant reduction in blood cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol and an increase in HDL cholesterol.